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---
description: The Next.js Edge Runtime is based on standard Web APIs. Learn more about the supported APIs available.
---
# Edge Runtime
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The Next.js Edge Runtime is based on standard Web APIs, which is used by [Middleware ](/docs/middleware.md ) and [Edge API Routes ](/docs/api-routes/edge-api-routes.md ).
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## Network APIs
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- [`addEventListener` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/EventTarget/addEventListener )
- [`Fetch` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Fetch_API )
- [`FetchEvent` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/FetchEvent )
- [`Headers` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Headers )
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- [`Request` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Request )
- [`Response` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Response )
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- [`URLSearchParams` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/URLSearchParams )
- [`FormData` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/FormData )
- [`File` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/File )
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- [`Blob` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Blob )
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## Encoding APIs
- [`TextDecoder` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/TextDecoder )
- [`TextEncoder` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/TextEncoder )
- [`atob` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/WindowBase64/atob )
- [`btoa` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/WindowBase64/btoa )
## Web Stream APIs
- [`ReadableStream` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/ReadableStream )
- [`ReadableStreamBYOBReader` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/ReadableStreamBYOBReader )
- [`ReadableStreamDefaultReader` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/ReadableStreamDefaultReader )
- [`TransformStream` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/TransformStream )
- [`WritableStream` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/WritableStream )
- [`WritableStreamDefaultWriter` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/WritableStreamDefaultWriter )
## Web Crypto APIs
- [`crypto` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Web_Crypto_API )
- [`CryptoKey` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/CryptoKey )
- [`SubtleCrypto` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/SubtleCrypto )
## Web Standards APIs
- [`structuredClone` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Web_Workers_API/Structured_clone_algorithm )
- [`URLPattern` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/URLPattern )
- [`Web Cache` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Cache )
## V8 Primitives
- [`Array` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array )
- [`ArrayBuffer` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/ArrayBuffer )
- [`Atomics` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Atomics )
- [`BigInt` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/BigInt )
- [`BigInt64Array` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/BigInt64Array )
- [`BigUint64Array` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/BigUint64Array )
- [`Boolean` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Boolean )
- [`clearInterval` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/WindowTimers/clearInterval )
- [`clearTimeout` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/WindowTimers/clearTimeout )
- [`console` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Console )
- [`DataView` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/DataView )
- [`Date` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Date )
- [`decodeURI` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/decodeURI )
- [`decodeURIComponent` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/decodeURIComponent )
- [`encodeURI` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/encodeURI )
- [`encodeURIComponent` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/encodeURIComponent )
- [`Error` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Error )
- [`EvalError` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/EvalError )
- [`Float32Array` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Float32Array )
- [`Float64Array` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Float64Array )
- [`Function` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Function )
- [`Infinity` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Infinity )
- [`Int8Array` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Int8Array )
- [`Int16Array` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Int16Array )
- [`Int32Array` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Int32Array )
- [`Intl` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Intl )
- [`isFinite` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/isFinite )
- [`isNaN` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/isNaN )
- [`JSON` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/JSON )
- [`Map` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Map )
- [`Math` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Math )
- [`Number` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Number )
- [`Object` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object )
- [`parseFloat` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/parseFloat )
- [`parseInt` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/parseInt )
- [`Promise` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Promise )
- [`Proxy` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Proxy )
- [`RangeError` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/RangeError )
- [`ReferenceError` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/ReferenceError )
- [`Reflect` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Reflect )
- [`RegExp` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/RegExp )
- [`Set` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Set )
- [`setInterval` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/WindowTimers/setInterval )
- [`setTimeout` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/WindowTimers/setTimeout )
- [`SharedArrayBuffer` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/SharedArrayBuffer )
- [`String` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String )
- [`Symbol` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Symbol )
- [`SyntaxError` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/SyntaxError )
- [`TextDecoder` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/TextDecoder )
- [`TextEncoder` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/TextEncoder )
- [`TypeError` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/TypeError )
- [`Uint8Array` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Uint8Array )
- [`Uint8ClampedArray` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Uint8ClampedArray )
- [`Uint16Array` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Uint16Array )
- [`Uint32Array` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Uint32Array )
- [`URIError` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/URIError )
- [`URL` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/URL )
- [`URLSearchParams` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/URLSearchParams )
- [`WeakMap` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/WeakMap )
- [`WeakSet` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/WeakSet )
- [`WebAssembly` ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/WebAssembly )
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## Next.js Specific Polyfills
- [`AsyncLocalStorage` ](https://nodejs.org/api/async_context.html#class-asynclocalstorage )
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## Environment Variables
You can use `process.env` to access [Environment Variables ](/docs/basic-features/environment-variables.md ) for both `next dev` and `next build` .
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Running `console.log` on `process.env` **will not** show all your Environment Variables. You have to access the variables directly as shown below:
```javascript
console.log(process.env)
// { NEXT_RUNTIME: 'edge' }
console.log(process.env.TEST_VARIABLE)
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// value
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```
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## Unsupported APIs
The Edge Runtime has some restrictions including:
- Native Node.js APIs **are not supported** . For example, you can't read or write to the filesystem
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- `node_modules` _can_ be used, as long as they implement ES Modules and do not use native Node.js APIs
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- Calling `require` directly is **not allowed** . Use ES Modules instead
The following JavaScript language features are disabled, and **will not work:**
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- `eval` : Evaluates JavaScript code represented as a string
- `new Function(evalString)` : Creates a new function with the code provided as an argument
feat(edge): allows configuring Dynamic code execution guard (#39539)
### 📖 What's in there?
Dynamic code evaluation (`eval()`, `new Function()`, ...) is not
supported on the edge runtime, hence why we fail the build when
detecting such statement in the middleware or `experimental-edge` routes
at build time.
However, there could be false positives, which static analysis and
tree-shaking can not exclude:
- `qs` through these dependencies (get-intrinsic:
[source](https://github.com/ljharb/get-intrinsic/blob/main/index.js#L12))
- `function-bind`
([source](https://github.com/Raynos/function-bind/blob/master/implementation.js#L42))
- `has`
([source](https://github.com/tarruda/has/blob/master/src/index.js#L5))
This PR leverages the existing `config` export to let user allow some of
their files.
it’s meant for allowing users to import 3rd party modules who embed
dynamic code evaluation, but do not use it (because or code paths), and
can't be tree-shaked.
By default, it’s keeping the existing behavior: warn in dev, fails to
build.
If users allow dynamic code, and that code is reached at runtime, their
app stills breaks.
### 🧪 How to test?
- (existing) integration tests for disallowing dynamic code evaluation:
`pnpm testheadless --testPathPattern=runtime-dynamic`
- (new) integration tests for allowing dynamic code evaluation: `pnpm
testheadless --testPathPattern=runtime-configurable`
- (amended) production tests for validating the new configuration keys:
`pnpm testheadless --testPathPattern=config-validations`
To try it live, you could have an application such as:
```js
// lib/index.js
/* eslint-disable no-eval */
export function hasUnusedDynamic() {
if ((() => false)()) {
eval('100')
}
}
export function hasDynamic() {
eval('100')
}
// pages/index.jsx
export default function Page({ edgeRoute }) {
return <p>{edgeRoute}</p>
}
export const getServerSideProps = async (req) => {
const res = await fetch(`http://localhost:3000/api/route`)
const data = await res.json()
return { props: { edgeRoute: data.ok ? `Hi from the edge route` : '' } }
}
// pages/api/route.js
import { hasDynamic } from '../../lib'
export default async function handle() {
hasDynamic()
return Response.json({ ok: true })
}
export const config = {
runtime: 'experimental-edge' ,
allowDynamic: '/lib/**'
}
```
Playing with `config.allowDynamic`, you should be able to:
- build the app even if it uses `eval()` (it will obviously fail at
runtime)
- build the app that _imports but does not use_ `eval()`
- run the app in dev, even if it uses `eval()` with no warning
### 🆙 Notes to reviewers
Before adding documentation and telemetry, I'd like to collect comments
on a couple of points:
- the overall design for this feature: is a list of globs useful and
easy enough?
- should the globs be relative to the application root (current
implementation) to to the edge route/middleware file?
- (especially to @sokra) is the implementation idiomatic enough? I've
leverage loaders to read the _entry point_ configuration once, then the
ModuleGraph to get it back during the parsing phase. I couldn't re-use
the existing `getExtractMetadata()` facility since it's happening late
after the parsing.
- there's a glitch with `import { ServerRuntime } from '../../types'` in
`get-page-static-info.ts`
([here](https://github.com/vercel/next.js/pull/39539/files#diff-cb7ac6392c3dd707c5edab159c3144ec114eafea92dad5d98f4eedfc612174d2L12)).
I had to use `next/types` because it was failing during lint. Any clue
why?
### ☑️ Checklist
- [ ] Implements an existing feature request or RFC. Make sure the
feature request has been accepted for implementation before opening a
PR.
- [ ] Related issues linked using `fixes #number`
- [x] Integration tests added
- [x] Documentation added
- [x] Telemetry added. In case of a feature if it's used or not.
- [x] Errors have helpful link attached, see `contributing.md`
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- `WebAssembly.compile`
- `WebAssembly.instantiate` with [a buffer parameter ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/WebAssembly/instantiate#primary_overload_%E2%80%94_taking_wasm_binary_code )
In rare cases, your code could contain (or import) some dynamic code evaluation statements which _can not be reached at runtime_ and which can not be removed by treeshaking.
You can relax the check to allow specific files with your Middleware or Edge API Route exported configuration:
```javascript
export const config = {
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runtime: 'edge', // for Edge API Routes only
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unstable_allowDynamic: [
feat(edge): allows configuring Dynamic code execution guard (#39539)
### 📖 What's in there?
Dynamic code evaluation (`eval()`, `new Function()`, ...) is not
supported on the edge runtime, hence why we fail the build when
detecting such statement in the middleware or `experimental-edge` routes
at build time.
However, there could be false positives, which static analysis and
tree-shaking can not exclude:
- `qs` through these dependencies (get-intrinsic:
[source](https://github.com/ljharb/get-intrinsic/blob/main/index.js#L12))
- `function-bind`
([source](https://github.com/Raynos/function-bind/blob/master/implementation.js#L42))
- `has`
([source](https://github.com/tarruda/has/blob/master/src/index.js#L5))
This PR leverages the existing `config` export to let user allow some of
their files.
it’s meant for allowing users to import 3rd party modules who embed
dynamic code evaluation, but do not use it (because or code paths), and
can't be tree-shaked.
By default, it’s keeping the existing behavior: warn in dev, fails to
build.
If users allow dynamic code, and that code is reached at runtime, their
app stills breaks.
### 🧪 How to test?
- (existing) integration tests for disallowing dynamic code evaluation:
`pnpm testheadless --testPathPattern=runtime-dynamic`
- (new) integration tests for allowing dynamic code evaluation: `pnpm
testheadless --testPathPattern=runtime-configurable`
- (amended) production tests for validating the new configuration keys:
`pnpm testheadless --testPathPattern=config-validations`
To try it live, you could have an application such as:
```js
// lib/index.js
/* eslint-disable no-eval */
export function hasUnusedDynamic() {
if ((() => false)()) {
eval('100')
}
}
export function hasDynamic() {
eval('100')
}
// pages/index.jsx
export default function Page({ edgeRoute }) {
return <p>{edgeRoute}</p>
}
export const getServerSideProps = async (req) => {
const res = await fetch(`http://localhost:3000/api/route`)
const data = await res.json()
return { props: { edgeRoute: data.ok ? `Hi from the edge route` : '' } }
}
// pages/api/route.js
import { hasDynamic } from '../../lib'
export default async function handle() {
hasDynamic()
return Response.json({ ok: true })
}
export const config = {
runtime: 'experimental-edge' ,
allowDynamic: '/lib/**'
}
```
Playing with `config.allowDynamic`, you should be able to:
- build the app even if it uses `eval()` (it will obviously fail at
runtime)
- build the app that _imports but does not use_ `eval()`
- run the app in dev, even if it uses `eval()` with no warning
### 🆙 Notes to reviewers
Before adding documentation and telemetry, I'd like to collect comments
on a couple of points:
- the overall design for this feature: is a list of globs useful and
easy enough?
- should the globs be relative to the application root (current
implementation) to to the edge route/middleware file?
- (especially to @sokra) is the implementation idiomatic enough? I've
leverage loaders to read the _entry point_ configuration once, then the
ModuleGraph to get it back during the parsing phase. I couldn't re-use
the existing `getExtractMetadata()` facility since it's happening late
after the parsing.
- there's a glitch with `import { ServerRuntime } from '../../types'` in
`get-page-static-info.ts`
([here](https://github.com/vercel/next.js/pull/39539/files#diff-cb7ac6392c3dd707c5edab159c3144ec114eafea92dad5d98f4eedfc612174d2L12)).
I had to use `next/types` because it was failing during lint. Any clue
why?
### ☑️ Checklist
- [ ] Implements an existing feature request or RFC. Make sure the
feature request has been accepted for implementation before opening a
PR.
- [ ] Related issues linked using `fixes #number`
- [x] Integration tests added
- [x] Documentation added
- [x] Telemetry added. In case of a feature if it's used or not.
- [x] Errors have helpful link attached, see `contributing.md`
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'/lib/utilities.js', // allows a single file
'/node_modules/function-bind/**', // use a glob to allow anything in the function-bind 3rd party module
],
}
```
2022-09-13 00:32:18 +02:00
`unstable_allowDynamic` is a [glob ](https://github.com/micromatch/micromatch#matching-features ), or an array of globs, ignoring dynamic code evaluation for specific files. The globs are relative to your application root folder.
feat(edge): allows configuring Dynamic code execution guard (#39539)
### 📖 What's in there?
Dynamic code evaluation (`eval()`, `new Function()`, ...) is not
supported on the edge runtime, hence why we fail the build when
detecting such statement in the middleware or `experimental-edge` routes
at build time.
However, there could be false positives, which static analysis and
tree-shaking can not exclude:
- `qs` through these dependencies (get-intrinsic:
[source](https://github.com/ljharb/get-intrinsic/blob/main/index.js#L12))
- `function-bind`
([source](https://github.com/Raynos/function-bind/blob/master/implementation.js#L42))
- `has`
([source](https://github.com/tarruda/has/blob/master/src/index.js#L5))
This PR leverages the existing `config` export to let user allow some of
their files.
it’s meant for allowing users to import 3rd party modules who embed
dynamic code evaluation, but do not use it (because or code paths), and
can't be tree-shaked.
By default, it’s keeping the existing behavior: warn in dev, fails to
build.
If users allow dynamic code, and that code is reached at runtime, their
app stills breaks.
### 🧪 How to test?
- (existing) integration tests for disallowing dynamic code evaluation:
`pnpm testheadless --testPathPattern=runtime-dynamic`
- (new) integration tests for allowing dynamic code evaluation: `pnpm
testheadless --testPathPattern=runtime-configurable`
- (amended) production tests for validating the new configuration keys:
`pnpm testheadless --testPathPattern=config-validations`
To try it live, you could have an application such as:
```js
// lib/index.js
/* eslint-disable no-eval */
export function hasUnusedDynamic() {
if ((() => false)()) {
eval('100')
}
}
export function hasDynamic() {
eval('100')
}
// pages/index.jsx
export default function Page({ edgeRoute }) {
return <p>{edgeRoute}</p>
}
export const getServerSideProps = async (req) => {
const res = await fetch(`http://localhost:3000/api/route`)
const data = await res.json()
return { props: { edgeRoute: data.ok ? `Hi from the edge route` : '' } }
}
// pages/api/route.js
import { hasDynamic } from '../../lib'
export default async function handle() {
hasDynamic()
return Response.json({ ok: true })
}
export const config = {
runtime: 'experimental-edge' ,
allowDynamic: '/lib/**'
}
```
Playing with `config.allowDynamic`, you should be able to:
- build the app even if it uses `eval()` (it will obviously fail at
runtime)
- build the app that _imports but does not use_ `eval()`
- run the app in dev, even if it uses `eval()` with no warning
### 🆙 Notes to reviewers
Before adding documentation and telemetry, I'd like to collect comments
on a couple of points:
- the overall design for this feature: is a list of globs useful and
easy enough?
- should the globs be relative to the application root (current
implementation) to to the edge route/middleware file?
- (especially to @sokra) is the implementation idiomatic enough? I've
leverage loaders to read the _entry point_ configuration once, then the
ModuleGraph to get it back during the parsing phase. I couldn't re-use
the existing `getExtractMetadata()` facility since it's happening late
after the parsing.
- there's a glitch with `import { ServerRuntime } from '../../types'` in
`get-page-static-info.ts`
([here](https://github.com/vercel/next.js/pull/39539/files#diff-cb7ac6392c3dd707c5edab159c3144ec114eafea92dad5d98f4eedfc612174d2L12)).
I had to use `next/types` because it was failing during lint. Any clue
why?
### ☑️ Checklist
- [ ] Implements an existing feature request or RFC. Make sure the
feature request has been accepted for implementation before opening a
PR.
- [ ] Related issues linked using `fixes #number`
- [x] Integration tests added
- [x] Documentation added
- [x] Telemetry added. In case of a feature if it's used or not.
- [x] Errors have helpful link attached, see `contributing.md`
2022-09-13 00:01:00 +02:00
Be warned that if these statements are executed on the Edge, _they will throw and cause a runtime error_ .
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## Related
< div class = "card" >
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< a href = "/docs/advanced-features/middleware.md" >
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< b > Middleware< / b >
< small > Run code before a request is completed.< / small >
< / a >
< / div >
< div class = "card" >
< a href = "/docs/api-reference/next/server.md" >
< b > Middleware API Reference< / b >
< small > Learn more about the supported APIs for Middleware.< / small >
< / a >
< / div >
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< div class = "card" >
< a href = "/docs/api-routes/edge-api-routes.md" >
< b > Edge API Routes< / b >
< small > Build high performance APIs in Next.js. < / small >
< / a >
< / div >
