chore: show large data warning once per page on prod (#46323)

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## Bug

- [x] Related issues linked using `fixes #number`
- [x] Integration tests added
- [x] Errors have a helpful link attached, see
[`contributing.md`](https://github.com/vercel/next.js/blob/canary/contributing.md)

## Related

* Closes https://github.com/vercel/next.js/pull/39146 - PR abandoned.

## Details

I was having the same issue at work, as a workaround, we've changed the
`largePageDataBytes` setting as advised but we'd like to keep the
warning ideally. It's something we need to address, but just don't want
to spam our log aggregators while the large data issue isn't resolved.

I believe I've more or less copied what was in the original PR, some
small differences:
* I use `Set` instead of `Map`, please let me know if there is an
advantage to using Map!
* Just to keep code a bit tidier (subjective) put an early return
instead of nesting all the code in an if.
* Added a test to verify only one log appears even when the page is
accessed twice [as requested
here](https://github.com/vercel/next.js/pull/39146#pullrequestreview-1064486985).

packages/next/src/pages/_document.tsx

@@ -41,6 +41,9 @@ type HeadHTMLProps = React.DetailedHTMLProps<
 
 type HeadProps = OriginProps & HeadHTMLProps
 
+/** Set of pages that have triggered a large data warning on production mode. */
+const largePageDataWarnings = new Set<string>()
+
 function getDocumentFiles(
   buildManifest: BuildManifest,
   pathname: string,
@@ -998,6 +1001,11 @@ export class NextScript extends React.Component<OriginProps> {
     const { __NEXT_DATA__, largePageDataBytes } = context
     try {
       const data = JSON.stringify(__NEXT_DATA__)
+
+      if (largePageDataWarnings.has(__NEXT_DATA__.page)) {
+        return htmlEscapeJsonString(data)
+      }
+
       const bytes =
         process.env.NEXT_RUNTIME === 'edge'
           ? new TextEncoder().encode(data).buffer.byteLength
@@ -1005,6 +1013,10 @@ export class NextScript extends React.Component<OriginProps> {
       const prettyBytes = require('../lib/pretty-bytes').default
 
       if (largePageDataBytes && bytes > largePageDataBytes) {
+        if (process.env.NODE_ENV === 'production') {
+          largePageDataWarnings.add(__NEXT_DATA__.page)
+        }
+
         console.warn(
           `Warning: data for page "${__NEXT_DATA__.page}"${
             __NEXT_DATA__.page === context.dangerousAsPath

test/e2e/prerender.test.ts

@@ -967,6 +967,39 @@ describe('Prerender', () => {
       )
     })
 
+    if ((global as any).isNextDev) {
+      it('should show warning every time page with large amount of page data is returned', async () => {
+        await renderViaHTTP(next.url, '/large-page-data-ssr')
+        await check(
+          () => next.cliOutput,
+          /Warning: data for page "\/large-page-data-ssr" is 256 kB which exceeds the threshold of 128 kB, this amount of data can reduce performance/
+        )
+
+        const outputIndex = next.cliOutput.length
+        await renderViaHTTP(next.url, '/large-page-data-ssr')
+        await check(
+          () => next.cliOutput.slice(outputIndex),
+          /Warning: data for page "\/large-page-data-ssr" is 256 kB which exceeds the threshold of 128 kB, this amount of data can reduce performance/
+        )
+      })
+    }
+
+    if ((global as any).isNextStart) {
+      it('should only show warning once per page when large amount of page data is returned', async () => {
+        await renderViaHTTP(next.url, '/large-page-data-ssr')
+        await check(
+          () => next.cliOutput,
+          /Warning: data for page "\/large-page-data-ssr" is 256 kB which exceeds the threshold of 128 kB, this amount of data can reduce performance/
+        )
+
+        const outputIndex = next.cliOutput.length
+        await renderViaHTTP(next.url, '/large-page-data-ssr')
+        expect(next.cliOutput.slice(outputIndex)).not.toInclude(
+          'Warning: data for page'
+        )
+      })
+    }
+
     if ((global as any).isNextDev) {
       it('should not show warning from url prop being returned', async () => {
         const urlPropPage = 'pages/url-prop.js'
@@ -1483,6 +1516,12 @@ describe('Prerender', () => {
               )}\\/large-page-data.json$`,
               page: '/large-page-data',
             },
+            {
+              dataRouteRegex: `^\\/_next\\/data\\/${escapeRegex(
+                next.buildId
+              )}\\/large-page-data-ssr.json$`,
+              page: '/large-page-data-ssr',
+            },
             {
               namedDataRouteRegex: `^/_next/data/${escapeRegex(
                 next.buildId

test/e2e/prerender/pages/large-page-data-ssr.js

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+import React from 'react'
+import Link from 'next/link'
+
+export function getServerSideProps() {
+  return {
+    props: {
+      lotsOfData: new Array(256 * 1000).fill('a').join(''),
+    },
+  }
+}
+
+export default (props) => {
+  return (
+    <>
+      <p>lots of data returned</p>
+      <Link href="/" id="home">
+        to home
+      </Link>
+      <br />
+      <Link href="/another" id="another">
+        to another
+      </Link>
+    </>
+  )
+}